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Base in Kraków if the trip is about the Old Town, Wawel and the day trips that leave from it — the Wieliczka salt mine and the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial both start there. Base in Warsaw for a capital-city stay with the Royal Castle, Wilanów, Łazienki Park and the Uprising Museum, and for the widest choice of onward trains. Gdańsk is the third answer and the right one if the Baltic is the point. Kraków alone fills two or three days; Warsaw and Kraków together take five or six.

For those four cities the train is the obvious choice, and the fast intercity network is why. Warsaw to Kraków is about 295 kilometres in roughly two and a quarter to two and a half hours; Warsaw to Gdańsk about 340 kilometres in two and three-quarter to three hours; Warsaw to Wrocław about 345 kilometres in anything from two and a half to four, against three and a half to four hours of driving. Gdańsk to Kraków is the outlier at roughly 580 kilometres, better flown or taken overnight.

Kraków on its own works in two or three days. Warsaw and Kraków together want five or six, because a travel day disappears into the train between them. Adding Gdańsk or Wrocław takes the trip to eight or ten. The Tatra mountains near Zakopane, a common side trip from Kraków, are a further day on winding mountain roads. Under a week you are really choosing one city and its day trips rather than seeing the country.

Both are day trips from Kraków, but pairing them makes a long day. The Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial is about 70 kilometres away, roughly an hour and a quarter each way, and once travel is counted it takes most of a day. The Wieliczka salt mine is a half-day just outside the city, with an extensive underground route through galleries hundreds of metres down. Give each its own date if the calendar allows; if it does not, take the mine in the morning and the memorial on another day.

May, June and September are the usual answer: mild weather and fewer people on the Kraków market square. July and August bring highs of about 24-26°C and are the only months the Baltic coast really works. December stands on its own, with Christmas markets in Kraków and Wrocław. January and February sit around 0-2°C with lows below freezing and snow inland and in the south, which makes them the Zakopane season rather than the old-town one.

Yes. Gdańsk and Sopot sit in the same Tricity area, and the Hel Peninsula is a straightforward day out from either. Sopot has the resort beach and its wooden pier, Gdańsk has Brzeźno and Stogi, and the peninsula is a narrow spit with sand on both the bay side and the open sea side. The catch is the water: roughly 17-20°C in July and August, with a swimming season that essentially runs those two months and sometimes edges into early September.

Poland offers a phone several places to go quiet: the deeper Warsaw metro platforms, the Wieliczka galleries hundreds of metres down, the forest roads near Łeba and Międzyzdroje, and the mountain roads above Zakopane. Come back to open ground first and give the handset a minute to register again. If nothing returns, go back to the instructions that arrived with the order, confirm the Poland profile is enabled and set as the mobile data line, then send support your order number and phone model.